INTERACTIONS BETWEEN

LIVING ORGANISMS 

By

Mohd Hanafiah B Said

( PARASITISM )

1. Relationship involving two organisms, the parasite and the host.

2. The parasite, eg. ticks, fleas, mosquitos, leeches and roundworms live and suck theblood of the host eg. dogs, people and other animals.

3. The removal of blood brings harm to the animals and people,

4. Bacteria causing cholera and tuberculosis are parasites that harm our body.

5. Bracket fungi - parasites that draw water and minerals from the tree they live on.

6. The Rafflesia plant in southeast Asia, is a parasite, growing on and absorbing food from the roots of woody plants.

PARASITISM

Relationship between the parasite and the host.

Parasite benefits but the host is harmed.

 

COMMENSALISM

TO SHOW INTERACTION BETWEEN ORGANISMS

1. Remora fish and shark

Commensalism is the relationship in which the remora fish attaches itself to a

shark and feeds on food scattered by the shark. The shark neither benefits from the

remora fish nor is harmed by it.

Relationship between two kinds of organisms in which one benefits while the other

neither benefits nor is harmed by it.

MUTUALISM ( SYMBIOSIS )

Interaction between two different organisms that live together and both organisms benefit from each other.

TO EVALUATE INTERACTIONS OF ORGANISMS

IN MUTUALISM ( SYMBIOSIS )

 

Rhizobium and the pea plant

Rhizobium bacteria in the nodules of the roots of the pea plant converts atmospheric

nitrogen into nitrates and supplies it to the pea plant. The pea plant supplies the rhizobium bacteria with sugar for energy.

Fungus and algae

A lichen, a combination of an alga and a fungus living together. The alga provides the

fungus with food by photosynthesis while the fungus provides support by making

materials needed by the alga

Clown fish and sea anemone

The sea anemone provides shelter and protection for the clown fish. The clown fish brings food and lures larger fish to its stinging tentacles