COLOR TEST

By

Mohd Hanafiah B Said

Human Ear

                                      EAR                                                                                                    By 

Mohd Hanafiah B Said

Harap Maaf. Kerja-kerja Pemurnian Sedang Dijalankan

Harap Maklum

Chapter 1 form 2: The World Through Our Senses

Glossary Form 2

Glossary

Mohd Hanafiah B Said

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | L | M | N | O | P | R | S | T | U | V | W |

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Absorption Penyerapan	Uptake of fluid and solutes by living cells and tissues
Acid rain Hujan asid	Rain formed when gases such as sulphur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen dissolve in it
Active metal Logam aktif	A metal that reacts actively like aluminium, magnesium and zinc
Air pressure Tekanan udara	The weight of air above any part of the Earth
Alimentary canal Salur penghantaran	The tube in the body that takes food through the mouth to the anus
Alkaline substance Bahan beralkali	Substance that releases hydroxyl ions (OH-) in solution; alkaline solution has a pH more than 7
Amphibian Amfibia	A vertebrate animal that can live on land and in water
Anode Anod	In an electrochemical cell, the anode is the positively charged electrode to which the anions of the solution move to give up their extra electrons
Anus Dubur	The part of the body from which faeces leave the body
Appendix Umbai usus	A small hollow worm-like structure attached to the large intestine
Aquatic Akuatik	Relating to water, such as lakes and seas
Astigmatism Astigmatisme	Difficulty in seeing clearly that is caused by the irregular curvature of the cornea

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Balanced diet Gizi seimbang	A diet which includes different types of food substances in the right proportions and quantities
Balance in nature Keseimbangan alam	State of the environment not having any disturbances
Base area Luas tapak	Area occupied by a body
Bile Jus hempedu	A thick greenish-yellow alkaline solution produced by liver and stored in a small pouch, called the gall bladder
Biological control Kawalan biologi	A method of controlling pests (small insects that harm or destroy crops) by using other insects, birds or animals to kill them
Blind spot Bintik/titik buta	The point in the eye, which is not sensitive to light
Boiling Pendidihan	The change from a liquid to a gas at its boiling point
Boiling point Takat didih	The temperature at which a substance changes from the liquid state to the gaseous state
Buoyancy Keapungan	The ability of an object to float

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Calorific value Nilai kalori	A unit for measuring the amount of energy a particular food can produce
Carbon cycle Kitar karbon	The circulation of carbon compounds in nature by the various life (metabolic) processes of many organisms
Cathode Katod	The negatively charge electrode of an electrochemical cell to which cations travel and gain electrons
Center of gravity Pusat graviti	Point of  balance of an object or a point where the weight of an object acts on it
Chitin Kitin	A nitrogen-containing polysaccharide found in some animals and the cell walls of most fungi
Chlorination Pengklorinan	The process of adding chlorine to water to kill microorganisms
Cochlea Koklea	The part of the inner ear concerned with hearing
Community Komuniti	A group of many different populations of organisms that interact with one another
Competition Persaingan	The struggle between organisms for the limited resources in a habitat
Concave lens Kanta cekung	A lens which is thinner in the middle than the edge
Concentrated acid Asid pekat	Acid which has a high concentration
Concentrated alkali Alkali pekat	Alkali which has a high concentration
Concentration Kepekatan	The quantity of a substance (called the solute) dissolved in a fixed amount of liquid (the solvent) to form a solution
Concentration solution Larutan pekat	Solution containing high amount of solutes dissolved in it
Conservation Pemuliharaan	The act of preserving natural resources
Constipation Sembelit	The condition of finding it difficult to empty your bowels
Consumer Pengguna	An organism that obtains food by eating other organisms
Convex lens Kanta cembung	A lens which is thicker in the middle than the edge
Corrosive Mengakis	Having a property such as to destroy or causing holes in a material
Cuticle Kutikel	An outer layer of hard skin, especially around the base of your nails

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Decomposer Pengurai	Any organism that breaks down dead organic material
Defecation Penyahtinjaan	The elimination of indigestible substances (faeces) through the anus by contraction of the muscular walls of the rectum
Deforestation Penebangan hutan	The process of clearing the forest
Density Ketumpatan	The mass per unit volume of substance
Dicotyledon Dikotiledon	Class of flowering plants having seeds with two cotyledons (seed leaves)
Diffusion Resapan	The process by which molecules move from a highly concentrated area to a less concentrated area
Digestion Penghadaman	The breaking down of large food particles into smaller ones for easy absorption
Dilute acid Asid cair	Acid which is low in concentration or has more water in it
Dilute alkali Alkali cair	Alkali which is low in concentration or has more water in it
Dilute solution  Larutan cair	Solution containing low amount of solute
Discharge Nyahcas	Change of an ion to its element on an electrode during the electrolysis process
Distance Jarak	The measurement of how far an object has travelled along a particular path
Distillation Penyulingan	A process to separate a liquid from a solution by heating the solution until it boils and condensing the vapour that forms liquid
Domestic uses Penggunaan domestik	Usage in a family or a house
Domestic waste Bahan buangan domestik	Waste materials such as rubbish discharged  from houses or residences

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Eardrum Gegendang telinga	A tight thin skin inside the ear which allows you to hear sounds
Ecosystem Ekosistem	A biological community together with the associated abiotic environment
Electrolysis Elektrolisis	The process of separating a liquid into its chemical parts by passing an electric current through it
Electrostatic force Daya elektrostatik	Force formed due to friction of two separate things coming into contact
Endoskeleton Rangka dalam	A hard skeleton buried within the soft tissues of an animal
Environment Persekitaran	An organism’s physical and biological surroundings
Enzyme Enzim	Any protein molecule that acts as a natural catalyst and is found in the body of bacteria, plants and animals
Evaporation Penyejatan	The change from a liquid to a gas at any temperature below the boiling point
Exoskeleton Rangka luar	The hard outer covering of the body of certain animals

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Fats Lemak	A group of organic compounds that exist naturally and are called lipids
Fertiliser Baja	A compound added to the soil to supply plants with elements needed for healthy growth
Fibre/roughage Pelawas	A substance contained in some foods that helps the bowels movement
Filtration Penurasan	A process used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid in a solid-liquid mixture
Flowering plant Tumbuhan berbunga	Plants with flowers
Fluids Cecair	A substance that flows, i.e. a liquid or a gas
Food chain Rantai makanan	A pathway along which energy is transferred from one organism to another, beginning with producers
Food web Siratan makanan	The interconnected food chains in an ecosystem
Force Daya	Something such as a push or pull, that changes the size, shape or speed of an object
Freezing point Takat beku	The temperature at which a substance changes from the liquid state to the solid state
Frictional force Daya geseran	A force that opposes and slows down movement; it is produced by two surfaces that are in contact
Fulcrum Fulkrum	The point on which a lever turns, balances or is supported in turning or lifting something

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Gall bladder Pundi hempedu	The organ attached to the liver that serves as a storage organ for bile
Gas pressure  Tekanan gas	The pressure exerted by the collison of gas particles against the wall of a container
Gravitational force Daya graviti	The force of attraction of the Earth for solids, liquids and gasses
Geotropism Geotropisme	Response of plants towards gravity
Greenhouse effect Kesan rumah hijau	The phenomenon whereby the surface of the Earth is warmed due to atmospheric accumulation of carbon dioxide
Gut Salur penghadaman	The alimentary canal in which food passes through when it leaves the stomach

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Habitat Habitat	The natural place where an organism lives
Heat Haba	Warmth or a form of energy which may be transferred by conduction, convection or radiation
Humidity Kelembapan	The amount of water vapour in the atmosphere
Hydrochloric acid Asid hidroklorik	An acid consisting of hydrogen and chlorine elements
Hydrostatic Hidrostatik	The state of fluids (liquids and gases) in equilibrium
Hydrotropism Hidrotropisme	Response of plants towards water

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Impurities Bendasing	Parts of an almost pure substance that is of a lower quality
Industrial waste Bahan buangan industri	Waste materials or sewage, such as chemical waste and acidic gases, that are discharged by factories
Insoluble Tidak larut	Unable to dissolve in a liquid
Interaction Interaksi	A process by which two or more things have an effect on each other and work together
Interdependence Saling bersandaran	A situation in which people or things depend on each other
Invertebrate Invertebrata	An animal without a backbone

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Large intestine Usus besar	The lower part of the bowels, where food is changed into solid waste matter
Lever Tuas	A simple machine that turns about a fixed point called a fulcrum (or pivot) when a force (the affect) overcomes a resisting force (the load)
Litmus paper Kertas litmus	A purple dye found in lichens and is used as an indicator for acids and alkalis
Liver Hati	A large organ in the body that functions as a gland by producing bile. The main functions of the liver are the metabolism of fats, proteins and carbohydrates and detoxification of blood.
Load Beban	A material/body having weight
Long-sightedness Rabun dekat	Able to see objects or read things clearly only when they are far from your eyes

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Magnetic force Daya magnetik	The force of an attraction or repulsion produced by magnets on materials such as iron and steel
Magnitude Magnitud	The absolute value (e.g. length) of a physical or mathematical quantity
Mammal Mamalia	A vertebrate animal which feeds milk to its young
Medium Bahantara	A substance through which a physical quantity (e.g. force, light) travels
Metal Logam	An element which is generally shiny, malleable, ductile and conducts heat and electricity
Monocotyledon Monokotiledon	Class of flowering plants having seeds with one cotyledon (seed leaves)
Monocular vision Penglihatan monokular	Sight using one eye only

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Nastic movement Pergerakan nastik	Response of plants towards touch which is not influenced by the direction of the stimulus
Neutralisation Peneutralan	The reaction between an acid and an alkali to form a neutral solution
Non-flowering plant Tumbuhan tidak berbunga	A plant without flowers
Nutritious food Makanan berkhasiat	Food that contains the substances that the body needs

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Optical illusion Ilusi optik	A picture or image that tricks the eyes and makes you see something that is not actually there
Organic solvent Pelarut organik	Non-water based solvent
Oxygen cycle Kitar oksigen	The circulation of oxygen in nature by various life (metabolic) processes of many organisms

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Parasitism Parasitisme	A symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits in term of growth and reproduction to the harm of the other species (host)
Periscope Periskop	A long tube with mirrors fitted in it, used to look over the top of something, especially to see out of a submarine
Peristalsis Peristalsis	The contraction of the muscles of the alimentary canal which pushes the food along
Pest Perosak	A small animal or insect that destroys crops or food supplies
Pesticide Pestisid	A chemical substance used to kill insects and small animals that destroy crops
Photosynthesis Fotosintesis	The process by which green plants make food in the presence of light
Phototropism Fototropisme	Response of  plants towards light
Point of equilibrium Titik keseimbangan	A point where an object can be balanced
Pollution Pencemaran	The process of making air, water, soil, etc. dangerously dirty and not suitable for people to use
Population Populasi	A group of individual of one species that live in particular area
Power Kuasa	The quantity of works that done in one second
Preservation Pemeliharaan	The degree to which something has remained unchanged or unharmed by weather, age, etc
Pressure Tekanan	The pressure on a surface due to forces from another surface or from a fluid where the forces are acting 90o to the unit are of the surface
Prey-predator Mangsa-pemangsa	Organism that is eaten as food (prey) by another organism (predator)
Primary consumer Pengguna primer	An organism that eats only plants (herbivore)
Pyramid number Piramid nombor	A representation of the numbers of organisms at different levels of a food chain, which forms a pyramid, greater numbers of organisms being present at the lower levels (e.g. producers) than at the higher levels (e.g. carnivores)
Producer Pengeluar	An organism, particularly a plant, that make its own food

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Radioactive residue Sisa radioaktif	Radioactive waste materials discharged from industries
Reabsorption Penyerapan semula	To absorb again something that has already been absorbed
Receptor Hujung saraf/Reseptor	A cell or organ that is specialised to receive and respond to a particular stimulus from outside or inside the body of an organism
Reflection Pantulan	An image reflected in a mirror or similar surface
Refraction Pembiasan	The bending of, most commonly, a light ray when it pass from one medium to another, e.g. air to water
Reptile Reptilia	A vertebrate animal with a dry, scaly skin which lives on land
Residue Sisa	The insoluble solid that remains in the filter during filtration
Response Gerak balas	Something that is done as a reaction to a stimulus

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Saliva Air liur	The liquid that is produced naturally in the mouth
Saturated solution Larutan tepu	A solution which will not dissolve any more solute
Secondary consumer Pengguna sekunder	Carnivore that eats herbivores
Sediment Bahan mendapan	Solid matter that settles at the bottom of a liquid
Sensitivity Kepekaan	Ability of an organism to be aware of the changes to the environment by using sense organs
Sewage Bahan kumbahan	The mixture of waste from the human body and used water that is carried away from houses through pipes
Shell Cengkerang	A hard outer part that covers or protects a nut, egg or seed and some types of animal
Short-sightedness Rabun jauh	Inability to see objects clearly unless they are very close
Siphon Sifon	A bent tube used for getting liquid out of a container, by holding the other end of the tube at a lower level than the container
Skeletal system Sistem rangka	A support system in the form of hard bone or hard shell for living things
Skin Kulit	An important organ which forms the outer covering of a vertebrate animal
Small intestine Usus kecil	The long tube that food goes through after it has gone through the stomach
Solubility Keterlarutan	The amount of solute (in gram) that can dissolve in 100 ml of solvent to form a saturated solution under specified conditions of temperature and pressure
Solute Zat pelarut	A substance that dissolve in a solvent (liquid)
Solution Larutan	A clear mixture made up of a solute dissolved in a solvent
Solvent Pelarut	A liquid which can dissolve other substances (solute) to form a solution
Species Spesis	A group of animals or plants which are all similar and can breed together to produce young animals or plants of the same kind
Species extinction Kepupusan spesis	A situation in which a particular kind of animal, plant, etc no longer exists
Speed Kelajuan	The distance travelled per unit time
Spray Penyembur	An equipment used to spray liquids such as pesticides
Spring balance Neraca spring	An equipment used to measure the weight of an object
Stability Kestabilan	A condition where an object does not fall or topple over
Starch Kanji	A storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely glucose
Stereoscopic vision Penglihatan stereoskopik	Ability to see objects in three dimensions; this is only possible when the two eyes have overlapping fields of view
Stimulus Rangsangan	Something that causes a reaction in a plant or part of the body
Surface area Luas permukaan	The area of the outside of an object that can be measured
Support system Sistem sokongan	A system that supports a living thing to stand up straight
Suspension Bahan terampai	A mixture formed when a solid does not dissolve in a liquid; the mixture is usually cloudy and the solid gradually settles to the bottom of the liquid
Symbiosis Simbiosis	A relationship between organisms, usually from two different species live together  in a unique way; it may be beneficial, neutral or detrimental to one and/or the other species
Syringe Picagari	An instrument for taking blood from someone's body or putting liquid, drugs, etc. into it, consisting of a hollow plastic tube and a needle

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Temperature Suhu	A measure of how hot or cold an object is
Tertiary consumer Pengguna tertier	A carnivore that eats other carnivores
Thigmotropism Tigmotropisme	Response of plants towards touch that is influenced by the direction of the stimulus

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Universal indicator Penunjuk universal/semesta	A mixture of indicator dyestuff that shows a gradual change in colour over a wide pH range. A typical formulation contains methyl orange, methyl red, bromothymol blue, and phenolphthalein and changes through red, orange, yellow, green, blue and violet.
Universal solvent Pelarut universal	Solvent that is able to dissolve many types of solutes

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Vertebrates Vertebrata	Animals with backbones
Villus Vilus	Small finger-like projections from the inner wall of small intestine
Volume Isi padu	The space by which a substance or object occupies

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Water pollutant Bahan cemar air	A substance that makes water dangerously dirty and is caused by cars, factories, etc.
Water purification plant Loji pembersihan air	A place to clean river water or rainwater so that it is safe to be used
Water supply system Sistem bekalan air	The water provided for a building or area, or the system of lake, pipes, etc. through which it flows
Work Kerja	The product of the force applied and the distance moved